Animal Farm - Compared To The Russian Revolution Essays

Animal Farm - Compared to the Russian Revolution All of the characters in Animal farm have counterparts in real life. This book was based on the Russian Revolution, and all the important populace of the revolution are symbolized. Some of the animals represent individuals in the Russian Revolution, and some types of animals represent different types of Russian citizens. The book carries out much like the actual revolution. It starts out with hopes of an empire where all are equal and the unfair unjust leader is thrown out. Then it moves on to where some individuals begin to take more power than is rightfully theirs. At the end the rulers have completely taken over and the kingdom is as it was under the original rulers. I will compare the animals from top of the social class to the bottom. At the top were the pigs. Each pig represented someone different in the revolution. Old Major is compared to Lenin. He was an ideologist who dreamed up a wonderful government where all the animals were equal and the humans, or the czars, were pushe d out. Unfortunately his dream would never materialize. Then we are left with his predecessors. The first is Snowball. Snowball believed one hundred percent in Old Majors ideals. He wanted all the things Old Major wanted, such as the welfare of the animals. In the Russian Revolution his counterpart would be Trotsky. Trotsky believed and wanted the same things as Lenin, and wanted to continue what Lenin had started. Then comes Napoleon. Napoleon was selfish and greedy. He did not want to share the power or the decision making with any other individual. This was the same for Stalin. At first Napoleon and Snowball shared the decision making and had debates about what course of action they would take. This worked for awhile. Then Napoleon grew weary of long debates, and he thought he could make the decision by himself. He then forced Snowball out of the farm and started to spread lies about Snowball to get the entire farm against him. Stalin did the same thing against Trotsky and forced Trotsky into hiding into Mexico, where he was eventually assassinated. Both Stalin and Napoleon ruined any hopes of equal and fare government and instead set up dictatorships. Then comes the final important pig, Squealer. Squealer did not make the decisions in the government but acted more like the controlled media as in the Russian government. His job was to influence the people by exaggerating and re-writing history and sometimes telling plain lies all together. The people would listen to him, and he would always listen to Napoleon. Other animals were the worker class type citizens. The types of citizens range from hard working to selfish and lazy. Molly, for instance, only cared about her ribbons, and wasn't much of a thinker. All she wanted to do was eat sugar, and look pretty. Benjamin was a critic who always said ?I've seen that before? and ?It'll never work.? The cat was just plain lazy, and was always disappearing whenever work had to be done. The ducks were weak and did no t get much done. Then there were other donkey's which worked much harder and never thought of their own needs. The pigeons acted as message carriers spreading propaganda between farms, spreading Napoleon's words from farm to farm, or in the actual Russian Revolution, country to country. Although all these animals are very different, they all shared one common trait. They were all weak. They all let Napoleon take over without much resistance. Just like Stalin took over Russia. These animals were too weak, too scared, or just lacked the intelligence required to do something about it. This is where it is the fault of the people. They should have stood up to Napoleon for what they fought for in the first place. The people must stand up to those who would destroy the system or else all is lost. I think that this story was a good representation of the actual Russian Revolution. But it is even more than that. It shows how people can let certain individuals get away with anything just becau se they do not feel like standing

Battle of Cryslers Farm in the War of 1812

Battle of Crysler's Farm in the War of 1812 Â  The Battle of Cryslers Farm was fought November 11, 1813, during the War of 1812 (1812-1815) and saw an American campaign along the St. Lawrence River halted. In 1813, Secretary of War John Armstrong directed American forces to begin a two-pronged advance against Montreal. While one thrust was to advance down the St. Lawrence from Lake Ontario, the other was to move north from Lake Champlain. Commanding the western attack was Major General James Wilkinson. Known as a scoundrel before the war, he had served as an agent of the Spanish government as well as was involved in the conspiracy that saw former Vice President Aaron Burr charged with treason. Preparations As a result of Wilkinsons reputation, the commander on Lake Champlain, Major General Wade Hampton, refused to take orders from him. This led to Armstrong constructing an unwieldy command structure that would see all orders for coordinating the two forces pass through the War Department. Though he possessed around 8,000 men at Sackets Harbor, NY, Wilkinsons force was poorly trained and ill-supplied. Additionally, it lacked experienced officers and was suffering from an outbreak of disease. To the east, Hamptons command consisted of around 4,000 men. Together, the combined force was twice the size of the mobile forces available to the British in Montreal. American Plans Early planning for the campaign called for Wilkinson to capture the key British naval base at Kingston prior to moving on Montreal. Though this would have deprived Commodore Sir Jame Yeos squadron of its primary base, the senior American naval commander on Lake Ontario, Commodore Isaac Chauncey, did not wish to risk his ships in an attack on the town. As a result, Wilkinson intended to make a feint toward Kingston before slipping down the St. Lawrence. Delayed in departing Sackets Harbor due to bad weather, the army final moved out on October 17 using around 300 small craft and bateaux. the American army entered the St. Lawrence on November 1 and reached French Creek three days later. British Response It was at French Creek that the first shots of the campaign were fired when brigs and gunboats led by Commander William Mulcaster attacked the American anchorage before being driven off by artillery fire. Returning to Kingston, Mulcaster informed Major General Francis de Rottenburg of the American advance. Though focused on defending Kingston, Rottenburg dispatched Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Morrison with a Corps of Observation to harry the American rear. Initially consisting of 650 men drawn from the 49th and 89th Regiments, Morrison increased his strength to around 900 by absorbing local garrisons as he advanced. His corps was supported on the river by two schooners and seven gunboats. A Change of Plans On November 6, Wilkinson learned that Hampton had been beaten at Chateauguay on October 26. Though the Americans successfully bypassed a British fort at Prescott the following night, Wilkinson was unsure of how to proceed after receiving the news regarding Hamptons defeat. On November 9, he convened a council of war and met with his officers. The result was an agreement to continue on with the campaign and Brigadier General Jacob Brown was sent ahead with an advance force. Before the main body of the army embarked, Wilkinson was informed that a British force was in pursuit. Halting, he prepared to deal with Morrisons approaching force and established his headquarters at Cooks Tavern on November 10. Pressing hard, Morrisons troops spent that night encamped near Cryslers Farm approximately two miles from the American position. Armies Commanders Americans Major General James WilkinsonBrigadier General John Parker Boyd8,000 men British Lieutenant Colonel James MorrisonCommander William Mulcasterapprox. 900 men Dispositions On the morning of November 11, a series of confused reports led each side to believe that the other was preparing to attack. At Cryslers Farm, Morrison formed the 89th and 49th Regiments in a line with detachments under Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Pearson and Captain G.W. Barnes in advance and to the right. These occupied buildings near the river and gully extending north from the shore. A skirmish line of Canadian Voltigeurs and Native American allies occupied a ravine in advance of Pearson as well as a large wood to the north of the British position. Around 10:30 AM, Wilkinson received a report from Brown stating that he had defeated a militia force at Hooples Creek the previous evening and the line of advance was open. As the American boats would shortly need to run Long Sault Rapids, Wilkinson decided to clear his rear before moving forward. Fighting an illness, Wilkinson was not in a condition to lead the attack and his second-in-command, Major General Morgan Lewis, was unavailable. As a result, command of the assault fell to Brigadier General John Parker Boyd. For the assault, he had the brigades of Brigadier Generals Leonard Covington and Robert Swartwout. The Americans Turned Back Forming for battle, Boyd placed Covingtons regiments on the left extending north from the river, while Swartwouts brigade was on the right extending north into the woods. Advancing that afternoon, Colonel Eleazer W. Ripleys 21st US Infantry from Swartwouts brigade drove back the British skirmishers. On the left, Covingtons brigade struggled to deploy due to a ravine on their front. Finally attacking across the field, Covingtons men came under heavy fire from the Pearsons troops. In the course of the fighting, Covington was mortally wounded as was his second-in-command. This led to a breakdown in organization on this part of the field. To the north, Boyd attempted to push troops across the field and around the British left. These efforts failed as they were met by heavy fire from the 49th and 89th. All across the field, the American attack lost momentum and Boyds men began falling back. Having struggled to bring up his artillery, it was not in place until his infantry was retreating. Opening fire, they inflicted losses on the enemy. Seeking to drive off the Americans and capture the guns, Morrisons men began a counterattack across the field. As the 49th neared the American artillery, the 2nd US Dragoons, led by Colonel John Walbach, arrived and in a series of charges bought sufficient time for all but one of Boyds guns to be withdrawn. Aftermath A stunning victory for a much smaller British force, Cryslers Farm saw Morrisons command inflict losses of 102 killed, 237 wounded, and 120 captured on the Americans. His force lost 31 killed, 148 wounded, 13 missing. Though disheartened by the defeat, Wilkinson pressed on and moved through the Long Sault rapids. On November 12, Wilkinson united with Browns advance detachment and a short time later received Colonel Henry Atkinson from Hamptons staff. Atkinson brought word that his superior had retired to Plattsburgh, NY, citing a lack of supplies, rather than move west around Chateauguay and to join Wilkinsons army on the river as originally ordered. Again meeting with his officers, Wilkinson decided to end the campaign and the army went into winter quarters at French Mills, NY. Following a defeat at Lacolle Mills in March 1814, Wilkinson was removed from command by Armstrong.

The Self-Portrait with vanitas symbols Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Self-Portrait with vanitas symbols - Essay Example This idea about the temporary state of being brings us back to the subject of the painting. The young man is the artist himself but a cursory check lets the viewer know that that this not the artist as he was as the time the painting was made. Bailly painted the portrait when he was 67 years old, indicating that while the young man is how the artist used to be some years prior, the ‘real’ portrait is the miniature the man is holding (Kosara, 2007). That painting within the painting shows Bailly in the state he was at the time. The contrast between young and old is striking and this contrast not only magnifies the theme intended for the painting but adds another layer of meaning and possible interpretation to the whole setting. The young man looks contemplative; possibly, the painting in his hand was made to portray his own vision about his future self. His older self is decaying, without the energy and drive of youth and this natural, inevitable process of change is not something that any man looks forward to with pleasure. Surrounded by symbols of vanitas, his imagination would be further encouraged to think in terms of the transiency of life and all things associated with it. It is a sobering thought. And yet it can be hard for the human psyche to adequately grasp the implications of this as relating to self. The young man is in contemplation but not is throes of despair. Thinking of the perspective of the painter at the age of 67, however, we can decipher the painting in a different light.

Paraphrasing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Paraphrasing - Essay Example While comparing the results for CO2 and H2, hydrogen gas follows the Ideal Gas Law producing the major component of gas. The data related to the first two trials of H2 was not considered for the fact that the gas had got away from the flask; that is why the average of H2 produced in moles appears lesser than moles of CO2 produced. The reaction of Mg and HCl gave a more ideal gas product than the gas product from the CaCO3 reaction. The Ideal Gas Law has its own limitations in assuming that the gas particles do not attract each other and they do not have any finite volumes. These assumptions explain the difference between actual yields and the theoretical yields of the gases. If van der Waals equation is to be used for calculations then the difference will significantly narrow down because the equation bears in mind the volumes and attraction of the gas particles. Gas particles leakages further explain the inaccuracy of the results. It would be appropriate to repeat the experiment wit h the correct volume of the gas in the system to eliminate this

Childcare Staff Research: Meeting Child Needs

Childcare Staff Research: Meeting Child Needs Introduction: I have chosen one area in my environment and that is the home corner in my setting. I have chosen this as Siolta standard 2 and standard 6 links to this particular area. Siolta standard 2 is enriching environments and according to this the home corners should be safe and adaptable for the children and should be stimulating for each child’s development. The equipment should be reachable for each child and appropriate. â€Å"Enriching environments, both indoor and outdoor (including materials and equipment) are well-maintained, safe, available, accessible, adaptable, developmentally appropriate, and offer a variety of challenging and stimulating experiences.† Standard 6 links into the home corner as each child needs appropriate resources for them to explore and use their creativity while in interaction with other children. They should have support from the staff. Each child should have a equal amount of time to play freely and developmentally. â€Å"Promoting play requires that each child has ample time to engage in freely available and accessible, developmentally appropriate and well-resourced opportunities for exploration, creativity and meaning making in the company of other children, with participating and supportive adults and alone, where appropriate.† (2) Findings of my research: My primary research consists of a survey for staff members, interview with parents and children. My findings on my research and the feedback I was giving was great. I found that some of the answers were very familiar with one another. On my survey for staff I asked questions such as â€Å"How do you cater for all age groups and their interests? The response was each room is catered for certain age groups and toys reflect on age + activities.† Another question was â€Å"How are each individual child’s needs met in relation to diversity and equality within the setting? The answered we try to nurture and respect each child’s needs and diversity abilities in a caring loving manner†. I also asked â€Å"How does this particular area help promote the overall holistic development of the child as a whole? The response I was given was theme Belonging + identity family walls and pictures.† On my interview questions for parents I asked â€Å"Do you feel welcome, comfortable and involved in crà ¨ches life? The parent said yes the staff are great and very welcoming.† I also asked â€Å"How would you rate the standard of the materials and environment in our setting? The parent replied with excellent they meet each child’s development needs.† I find my feedback giving bye parents was great as the parents seemed a lot happy with the setting and their environment. I found that the crà ¨che is very friendly and the home corner is very important to them as most of the children’s interest is the home corner it is also beneficial to each child’s individual needs as it will make them feel like they are at home and make them happy to be in the setting as they are here for along amount of time throughout the day. It is good for their developmental skills and also they are using their imagination, communicating with other children while interacting this is benefitting each child loads. My findings: Staff survey Bright Stimulating: The Staff told me it was very bright and stimulating for each child. I found this as it is very bright. Equipment: The staff said there was a lot of space and the equipment they had was great. Is it suitable for all age groups: The home corner is covering each child’s interest and is suitable for all age groups. I found this as the materials used in it is suitable for all age groups. Links with Aistears 4 themes: The home corner does link with Aistears 4 themes as the children will be communicating with others, exploring and thinking they will be using their imagination and learning skills. Promoting equality and diversity: The staff members try everything they can to nurture and respect each child’s needs and diversity abilities. I found this as I can notice them trying to promote equality in a weekly basis. Can children seek support from childcare Practitioners? Yes adults are there to help children when needed. Safety: The home area is safe as it has no materials that would cause any accidents and all equipment is reachable to all children. Child Friendly: Yes the home corner is very friendly and realistic for each child to feel homely. P.I.L.E.S The home corner does develop P.I.L.E.S as it helps them develop and challenge themselves My findings: Interview with parents Bright Stimulating: I found the parents said it was very colourful and bright. Equipment: Parents said there was lots of equipment Is it suitable for all age groups: The home corner is suiting all age groups.. I found this as the materials used in it is suitable for all age groups. Promoting equality and diversity: The parents told me the home corner does promote equality and diversaitry. I found this true as I can notice them trying to promote equality in a weekly basis. Can children seek support from childcare Practitioners? The parents said staff are great and offer lots of support Safety: The home area is safe. This is true as there is no equipment to cause any accident and the children are all able to reach. Child Friendly: Yes the home corner is very friendly and realistic for each child to feel homely. The learning environment facilitates movement for children aged 2-3 years bye when each child is learning how to control their hand eye co-ordination. The staff is learning each child how to use it by picking up small objects a spoon for example the child is then starting to use his/her fine motor skills and palmer grasp. They also learn through doing activities such as painting and drawing as they will be holding a paintbrush or pencil. They are learning how to deal with their balance while they draw and paint. They can do some activities like play dough sand or water play this is helping them to sense what their hands are for and use their skills. This helps al other domains of development as they are using different skills such as listening they are taking in what has been said and their communication skills. Recommendations Plan Sensory Materials Short Term- Ready-made play dough that’s already in it. Medium Term Different play dough (Cooked play dough) Long Term- Just put flower and water in the home area and let them make it. Water Basin Short Term- To Have floor matts down on the floor so there are no accidents. Long term- Invest in water dispensers and have them filed up water. Fabric Short Term- To have table cloths, and scarfs in the home corner. Medium- Staff and parents bring in materials from home. Long term: Invest in different fabric materials budget the money for this Culture Short Term- Hang up posters of different flags, and countries Medium Term- Get the staff and children to make them Long Term- Budget and invest in some real ones along with bringing in different foods from different countries E.G Italy- Pasta Moving the Home corner outside Short Term- To have cardboard drawers and shelf’s outside Medium Term- Make it more realistic gather up nature material leaves muck conquers Long Term- Budget and buy some realistic drawers and shelf’s for outside Refernces: Standard 2: Environments â€Å"Siolta† [Online], available: http://www.siolta.ie/standards.php [Accessed June 2014] Standard 6: Play â€Å"Siolta† [Online], available: http://www.siolta.ie/standards.php [Accessed June 2014] Sandra Craig Positivism And Natural Law | Philosophy Positivism And Natural Law | Philosophy Explain and differentiate between positivism and natural law and how these schools of thoughts perceived the meaning, function and purpose of law.   Positivism is a law that is made by human beings. The note that the term positive does not mean good in this context, but man-made or posited (cf. posit). More specifically, positive law may be characterized as [l]aw actually and specifically enacted or adopted by proper authority for the government of an organized jural society. Body of man-made laws consisting of codes, regulations, and statutes enacted or imposed within a political entity such as a state or nation. Definition of natural law a law whose content is set by nature and that therefore has validity everywhere. Natural law refers to the use of reason to analyze human nature and deduce binding rules of moral behavior. Idea of perfect law based on equity, fairness, and reason, by which all man-made laws (see positive law) are to be measured and to which they must (as closely as possible) conform. Natural law is derived from the concept that the entire universe is governed by cosmic laws on which human conduct should be based, and which can be deduced through reasoning and the moral sense of what is right or wrong. law and justice are merely man-made conventions and that no action can be deemed to be right or wrong unless a particular populace, through its customs or positive laws, declares that it is right or wrong. Positivists espouse relativism and subjectivism with respect to what is proper or improper. Natural law opposes the idea that moral law is relative, subjective, and changeable. Natural law provides a criterion by which positive laws can be judged. If the law of the state runs counter to natural law, it is held to be unjust. Positive law and normative justice are not synonymous. If justice is pertinent then natural law is pertinent. meaning man-made law, not good law; cf. posit) of a given political community, society, or nation-state, and thus can function as a standard by which to criticize that law Contrast this with natural law which are inherent rights, not conferred by act of legislation. There is no inherent or necessary connection between the validity conditions of law and ethics or morality. Positivism sharply separates law and morality Natural law is to discover or assert the prior premises of law The Separation Thesis, however, has often been overstated. It is sometimes thought that Natural Law asserts, and Legal Positivism denies, that the law is, by necessity, morally good or that the law must have some minimal moral content. Function of law: Law is not the only normative domain in our culture; morality, religion, social conventions, etiquette, and so on, also guide human conduct in many ways which are similar to law Natural law theory is a philosophical and legal belief that all humans are governed by basic innate laws, or laws of nature, which are separate and distinct from laws which are legislated. Legislated laws are sometimes referred to as à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"positive lawsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚  in the framework of natural law theory, to make a clear distinction between natural and social laws. Natural law theory has heavily influenced the laws and governments of many nations, including England and the United States, and it is also reflected in publications like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In England, for example, members of parliament may appeal to natural law theory in settling disputes, in the form of the Fundamental Laws of England, a series of basic rights set out by William Blackstone in the 1760s. Natural law has nothing to do with nature. It is the concept of the law being based on the morally correct thing to do. This is sometimes associated with Divine law which suggests that there are laws of greater power than that of humans. An example of this is human rights and their Universality. Positive law refers to a body of man-made laws that may regulate conduct in a certain area. This type of law may be traced back to ancient times and is typically passed by government at the local, regional, or national level. Positive law is sometimes contrasted with natural law, which is typically based on moral principles. Positive laws might set the standards for acts that are required as well as those that are prohibited. Penalties are usually given to those who violate positive law Some examples of positive laws might include statutes, judicial verdicts, and ordinances. Positive laws may be written and enacted by government lawmakers, courts, and administrative agencies. Those who are physically present where the positive laws have governing power are typically required to obey such laws. Legal positivism is sometimes compared with natural law. Natural law commonly refers to the natural order, or a moral and ethical code that people share as human beings. Positive law is artificial order and consists of rules of conduct that people place upon each other. Natural law is inherent and may not require government enforcement, while positive laws are the legal ones that people are typically expected to follow. Legal positivists may feel that for a law to be valid, it should be codified, or written down, and recognized by some type of government authority. They might reject the theory that people will obey inherent law based on moral values. Positive laws may be made by those with authority to ensure that if they are broken, a penalty will ensue. QUESTION TWO The law of contract and company law has been established not only regulate the running of business but also to ethically promote protection for all parties concerned. To what extent this objective has succeeded? (10 marks) The government raised issues of concern in business and has implemented many measures to curb corporate wrongdoings through corporate governance. How far this effort has achieved its objectives. Answer by giving illustrations. (15 marks) QUESTION THREE The principle of natural justice has been applied by the courts in cases of unfair dismissals where there was as clear breach of the principle by the parties concerned. In the case of employers the observance of natural justice has found its way in domestic inquiries held internally by organizations. Explain and elaborate how this observance could be extended more effectively by employers especially in avoiding any legal suits involving a breach of natural justice within the jurisprudence of employment law. QUESTION FOUR a) Discuss ways that is possible to curb the occurrence of external whistle blowing. (10 marks) b) Debates on enacting legal protection for whistleblowers to assist organization would inculcate a more ethical working environment. Once undertaken this effort need to be supported by procedures that will ensure a successful policy implementation. Discuss. (15 marks)

Assignment community service Essay

RODUCTION This course is designed to instil students’ awareness on social responsibility and care for society. From this assignment i have to identify five types of community service activities for each five category. It is orphanage, urban poor, orang asli, wellness and environment. I have made some research from the internet about this five category. Besides, I have to find the objective and important in community service. In this assignment, I also have to find out about corporate service responsibility. What is corporate service responsibility? I also have to find the different between corporate service responsibility and community service. After done discuss about the community service and corporate service responsibility, I have to related the community service with mine students life. In that I have found the important about community service. Community service is a good subject that every student has to learn. CATEGORY 1: ORPHANAGE An orphanage is a place where children who do not have guardians who are capable of caring for them live. Some orphanages employed professionals like nurses, teachers, and other people involved in raising children in order to care for the children entirely within the orphanage. They give the children basic necessities like food and shelter and take care of education and other issues elsewhere. A child might be sent to an orphanage due to the death of the children’s parents, or the parents may be alive but unwilling or unable to care for the child. Most orphanages work to place children in more  traditional family environments, as these are seen as more secure and desirable than living in an orphanage. Some orphanages are separated by gender, but many care for children of both genders. Normally, the orphanage building will include many aspects that might be found in a house. Rooms for the children sleep, a kitchen, and other related rooms are all likely to be found in an orph anage. If the orphanage also functions as a school, then a schoolroom is important as well. While orphanages have the care of children as their primary responsibility, getting those children adopted is also a major function of these institutions. Working to get children placed in homes not only gives the children a chance at a better life, but also frees up room in orphanages for other orphans. For this reason, it is important for orphanages to try to keep children healthy, happy, and well-socialized, because a child who exhibits these features is much more likely to be adopted than one who does not. Picture 1.0: Sekreteriat Rakan Muda KUIS visited Rumah Penyayang Sg. Buaya, Banting.1 CATEGORY 2: URBAN POOR Urban poor refers to individuals or families in urban areas with incomes below the poverty line as defined by the National Statistical Coordinating Board(NSCB). They are the underprivileged or homeless sector of society like the unemployed, underemployed and the irregularly employed, or who are incapable of meeting the minimum basic needs, and who live in poor area, squatter and resettlement areas, sidewalks, dumpsites, road right-of-way, unoccupied government or private lands or along danger zones like railroad tracks, riverbanks, high tension wires, or other places in urban areas. The urban Poor are integral part of society and are partners in urbanization and industrialization. They help turn the cycle of economy because they are the factory workers, rank and file government and private employees, soldiers, lowly paid policemen drivers, vendors, house help and waiters. They are also the biggest market of industry. They are source of political power. It is because when they exercis e their right to elect local provincial, regional and national officials. Picture 2.0: Urban Poor situation in Malaysia.2 CATEGORY 3: ORANG ASLI Orang Asli is the collective term for the 19 sub-groups of `first peoples’ in Peninsular Malaysia. Orang Asli are largely forest or agriculture based. On the contra, Orang Asli communities, especially in Southern Peninsular Malaysia, were well established before the reign of the Malay Sultans. Orang Laut groups even provided crucial military and economic support during the formation of the Johor and Malacca Sultanates. That the Orang Asli was part of the emerging Malay states can also be gleaned from the customary practices in some states. However, once politically autonomous and independent people are likeness of their ancestors. Much of this has to do with the fact that the Malaysian nation state does not recognize the Orang Asli as a separate people, that is as distinct groups associated with particular territorial bases and requiring `government’ on a different basis from that of the other communities. Picture 3.0: some NGO organization visiting the Orang Asli village, Perak.3 CATEGORY 4: WELLNESS The world health organization defines wellness as â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity†. Wellness encompasses a number of these dimensions including physical, social, psychological, spiritual and informational. Wellness is about ensuring that each of these dimensions is in balance. It takes more than physical exercise to maintain good health. Balance is the key to leading a healthy lifestyle. Wellness is the dynamic process of becoming aware of, taking responsibility for and making choices that directly contribute to one’s well-being and that of the common good. It is the integration of body, mind and spirit and the on-going development of one’s own meaning in life. Wellness also knows as an active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a more successful existence. The key words in these first sentences are process, aware, choice, and success. Process means that we never a rrive at a point where there is no possibility of improving. Aware means that we are by our nature continuously seeking  more information about how we can improve. Choice means that we have considered a variety of options and select those that seem to be in our best interest. Success is determined by each individual to be their personal 4collection of accomplishments for their life. Picture 4.0: The milo Malaysia breakfast run 20141 CATEGORY 5: ENVIRONMENT The environment is gift of god precious to the welfare of life. Many people depend on the natural resources on this earth. Allah has create the universe and balanced for human prosperity. Extensive land turned into human dwellings, mountains as cookers earth, plants as a source of food and medicine to life, so has the variety of animal and plant life in the oceans. Unpolluted environment provides us with a comfortable and relaxing atmosphere. In addition to providing comfort to the people, it is also to some extent be affected by the activities of national development if the environment in the country is maintained. Nowadays, many people are aware of the importance of nature to human. They have made such as recycling campaign with the slogan says â€Å"thinks first before the throw†. Besides, earth hours to reduce the global warming of the earth. Picture 5.0: cutting newspaper from Cosmo, 26 December 2011, page 16. 5 ARTICLE RELATED TO CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY Corporate Social Responsibility (â€Å"CSR†) – A Brief Overview IN THIS ARTICLE, AARON GERARD SANKAR AND YONG SHEUE LIH DISCUSS THE IMPORTANCE AND BENEFITS OF CSR IN A GLOBALISED ECONOMY. CSR programmes and initiatives have clearly been on the rise and these seem to accord with increasing public expectation of such activities being undertaken by companies. This article attempts to outline the potential benefits and to underscore the importance of CSR in the globalised economy. What is CSR? There are many different perceptions of what CSR encompasses and likewise, there have been many attempts to define this concept. The definitions attributed to CSR generally describe it as a concept where corporations  voluntarily integrate social and environmental concerns in carrying out their business. Locally, from the perspective of Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad (â€Å"Bursa†), CSR is viewed as â€Å"†¦open and transparent business practices that are based on ethical values and respect for the community, employees, the environment, shareholders and other stakeholders†¦ designed to deliver sustainable value to the society at large.† Thus, under the concept of CSR, it is anticipated that a corporation incorporates socially responsible behaviour in the conduct of their business operations, which goes beyond mere compliance with or fulfilment of applicable legal and regulatory requirements. This is done by placing a degree of emphasis on practices that ta ke into account the interests of its â€Å"stakeholders†1. By implementing CSR practices, the corporation would balance the larger and general interest of its other stakeholders with the financial interest of its shareholders6. WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY SERVICE? Community service refers to service that a person performs for the benefit of his or her local community. It also knows as voluntary work that is done for free in order to help people or give back to the community. It is also unpaid work that an offender is required to do instead of going to prison so in this case it is involuntary. It also a group within a municipality or government. The community has closer relations with each other than with the rest of the surrounding inhabitants. WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY? Corporate social responsibility is a management concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and interactions with their stakeholders. Corporate service responsibility is generally understood and interactions with their stakeholders. Generally it understand as being the way through which a company achieves a balance of economic, environmental and social imperatives, while at the same time addressing the expectations of shareholders. In this sense it is important to draw a distinction between Corporate Service Responsibility, which can be a strategic business management concept and charity, sponsorships. Even though the latter can also make a valuable contribution to poverty reduction, will directly enhances the reputation of a company and strengthen  its brand, the concepts of Corporate Service Responsibility clearly goes beyond that. WHAT IS DIFFERENT BETWEEN COMMUNITY SERVICE AND CORPORATE SERVICE RESPONSIBILITY? Difference between community service and corporate service is in the community. Community service mostly from among student who become a volunteer to a program. While corporate service responsibility is to provide sponsorship or assistance through the company money to develop their companies. For example, give sponsorship to student who wishes to continue their studies abroad while promoting their company. Community service most them from clubs in the university or have create event for subject community service. EXPLAIN AND ELABORATE HOW DO YOU RELATES COMMUNITY SERVICE WITH YOUTH? I serve the local community for teaching me about life retires. How we help others in distress. Other than that we can tasted the fate of the others are more difficult than ours. Examples such as orphans, they do not have parents but to continue their lives with courage. For me it was a lot of trouble to teach retires life. Remembrance of his deep distress that is what we are about feelings to appreciate. Community service also teaches us to become a chairman who triumphed. How do we go through all the allegations before succeeding achieve greatness. In addition, adolescent or student be encouraged to follow his deep community service by young and they are stronger than the old ones. Community service may also foster a spirit of mutual help among adolescents over his deep doubts about the people who are more difficult. CLOSING In conclusion, what I have learnt is about what is community service and corporate service responsibility. What is different between community service and corporate service? Besides, I learn about awareness on social responsibility and care for society. Each person in this earth has their own responsibility to the society. We can define what type that we should alert to help the society. As we know they have five categories that we have learnt. First orphanage, urban poor, orang asli, wellness, and environment. In addition, we can learn more about community service. APPENDICES http://answers.ask.com/Education/Other/what_is_the_definition_of_community http://www.ask.com/question/what-is-the-definition-of-community-service http://www.trinityvalleyschool.org/uploaded/community_service/brochure_and_contract.pdf http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://www.oliviaappeal.com/Wellness/What-Is-Wellness.aspx http://www.miami.edu/sa/index.php/wellness_center/WellnessAboutUs/what_is_wellness/ http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://www.unido.org/en/what-we-do/trade/csr/what-is-csr.html http://www.pcup.gov.ph/html/factsfigures/TheUrbanPoor.html http://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/malaysia/orang-asli-self-determination-and-control-resource http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-an-orphanage.htm

The Baddest Dog in Harlem

You’ll have to be tough to live in your American skin When we go to school or to our jobs we don’t have many worries. The worries we could have could be â€Å"Oh no, there’s a test today† or â€Å"Oh no, my boss wants me to do some paperwork† but what if we had to live in fear instead of worries? If in the morning we should fear to go to school or job because of the place we are living in, that we had to say properly goodbye to your family every day, what would that do to us? †The Baddest Dog in Harlem† is writen by Walter Dean Myers and it is a fictional short story.The short story takes place in Harlem, at 145th street[1]. It could be in a year not far from the present, because of the technology used in the short story, such as cars[2] and automatic weapons[3] and it’s in the middle of the day. The neighborhood seems rough and seems like a place where you have seen the police often[4] and it seems like people are bored and doesn ’t have many money or jobs[5]. The narrator and his friends are sitting at the rail outside Big Joe’s and talks about who’s the best fighter in the world. The conversation got heated up when Willie Murphy participate in the debate.He is that kind of guy who always thinks he is right just because he is older than the others and when the narrator doesn’t think it can get worse Mr. Lynch, an even older man, joins the debate. Suddenly two polices cars are tearing around the corner. The stops in front of the boys and starts interrogate them and tell them to stay at the rail. Afterwards the cops start crunching behind their cars and look upon a window in the apartment at the other side of the street, pointing with their guns towards it. When the narrator realizes what is going on, he wanders off into a cafeteria nearby.A cop comes into the cafeteria and he says there have been a report about someone with an automatic weapon and tells everybody to drop down on t he floor. A cop trips and he guns goes off, all the cops start shooting and people are screaming and yelling. After a while the cops stops shooting and a girl who lives in the block turns up. The cops want her to go up to her apartment but she wants a black man with her and therefore a cop pulls the narrator with them. In her apartment everything is ruined and her dog is dead. The cops go to the apartment next door but come out in a hurry.The narrator walks into the apartment and sees a boy lying on the bed shot and dead. The narrator is in first person and seems reliable and is also the main character in the short story. We only get to know about the narrators thoughts and feelings but we don’t hear much about them either, his personality is described by his thoughts and actions. The characters in the short story are not described only a little bit about Mr. Lynch and Willie but beside those two, are the character based upon their actions and sayings.The narrator is a black man, because he refers to the black cop as a â€Å"brother†, we don’t know his age or his name but by based on the story I will approximately guess he is in his twenties. Willie is older than the narrator and is in his thirties[6] but the cop chose the narrator to go with Mary to her apartment[7] and therefore I don’t think he is a kid. The story is told in past tense and is chronological. When you read the short story you get a picture in you head of a ghetto and the language in the story is youthful and a bit slang[8].They also leave words out. You get connotations in your head and you think about American movies where you also see the youth talk in this way. The general tone is positive but also a bit cool and laid back. They don’t try to sound smarter or different either when they talk to the police. They talk â€Å"their† language, which make it seem like they are an unity. I think the theme the narrator tries to get through in this short stor y, is the tough life there is in the ghetto. The boy who got shot in the ghetto was just watching television but he wasn’t safe anyway.It’s a harsh environment to live in, an environment where you can be in constant fear of being robbed or shot. The song â€Å"American Skin (41 shots)† by Bruce Springsteen also gives a good perspective of how it is in America. He sings â€Å"No secret my friend, you can get killed just for living in, your American Skin[9]† The ssimilarities in the two texts is the theme. They are both trying to show how the world is every day for some people in America and to have an influence on us, make us think about those who aren’t as fortunate as we are and how we should ppreciate our way of living. I really think the short story and the song as well gives you something to think about. I believe the environment the narrator lives in makes him tough. When you’re living in a ghetto or an environment which is rough, youâ €™ll have to be tough even though you on the inside is falling apart. And I think that’s what the narrator goes through. They are used to guns and crime, therefore are they not so afraid of the police and the situation and also the kids have it like this. But when the narrator sees the boy, he doesn’t want to speak about it. The Baddest Dog in Harlem The owner Of the apartment (Mary) that just got shot up, returns home and begins a debate with the police who are interested in the whereabouts of her boyfriend. Eventually Mary, some cops and the narrator goes together into her apartment. The police suspect is not there, but the place is completely shot up and on the floor Marry dog lays dead from multiple bullet wounds. On the way back down from Marry apartment again, the police take notice of another apartment door and they inspect that apartment also, where they find the body of a young black boy ho has also been shot and killed -? an innocent victim of the earlier police gunfire.Characterization of characters: The main character in the text is the narrator. He is certainly a black man. Do not know for certain the name of the narrator, but it is easy to assume that it may be the author Walter Dean Myers. Readers are not given much information of the about the central character in the text, but it becomes obvious that the main cha racter as well as the rest of his debating group are black people. The main character (Myers) seems to me like a very scared and nervous person. Point of view: The while story is presented with the narrator's eyes. It is a first person narrator.Title: The title ‘The baddies dog in Harlem† stems from Marry poor dog. When Mary, the police and the central character go up to check the apartment, they find the bullet-riddled dog that some policemen thought might have been their suspect (from jumping around in the window during the police gunfire). This leads one of the policemen to ironically say, â€Å"It is the baddies dog in Harlem. ‘ Settings: The setting takes place outside of a cafe or similar place called â€Å"Big Joey's Place†, on 45th Street in Harlem, LISA where the narrator, Willie, Pedro, Tommy, Mr.. Lynch and the others are initially sitting and talking.Harlem, a poor area of Manhattan, is the home to many thousands of black people. Harlem goes und er the term â€Å"Ghetto†. Many people living there do not have jobs, and they live in big, run-down apartment buildings with dilapidated apartments. Harlem is known as a poor slum area, full of gangs and crime. The setting of Harlem is used in this text to help demonstrate how an ordinary day can change in an instant and turn a peaceful conversation teen friends to a police ‘War zone' with shooting all over the place. Tone: The text is written in spoken language, and there are many contraction whispered words.Many words are purposely MIS-spelled to show how they should be pronounced. The narrator's Way to write the story reflects the Way he pronounces the words and he has written the story in a way that you should be able to see themselves within the situation he describes. In this way he made use of different tones of voice and criticism, among other things. He also uses emotions such as humor and compassion. It all fits however, with how the story changes and how he has written the story. Themes: The theme of the text could be meant to demonstrate the (stereotypical) racism, between police and black people.For example, the police asked them to stay where they are outside on the street, instead of helping them to get to a safe place. The text is written down as it has been said, and the tone is very hard when the police talk to the blacks. For example, when they talk to Mary. Another example also, is how they react about having shot Mar's dog. The police only make jokes of it. They seem not so affected that they had shot the little boy, perhaps only thinking they need to find a cover up story about his death. I think that they would have reacted differently if it was a white boy in a better, safer environment.I would say that the author here shows a good example of how a typical â€Å"ghetto† in USA is, and how the police can discriminate against some people. Message: think the writer is trying to tell us that it is tragic but true that b lack men live in a very different risk level than white people. Police in the United States eve easily and quickly are pulling weapons if they do not feel safe – especially when they are in slum neighborhoods like Harlem. Think the narrator is trying to get us to look reality in the eye and he wants us to understand that life is not easy for anyone.Parallels between â€Å"The baddies dog in Harlem† and the song text â€Å"American Skin (41 shots)† by Bruce Springiness: The comparison between the two stories is that they are both talking about how terrible reality can be for African Americans. The song â€Å"American Skin† tells the story of an African American mother, who tells her son to be careful and how he should always e polite to the police he must never do anything to provoke them, because there is the risk that the police may shoot them, as they are African Americans and because they may live in a poor environment.In the text, â€Å"The baddies d og in Harlem† we read about how the police treated the blacks in Harlem, They have no respect for them, but in return they must have respect for the police. Generally, they both warn about how black Americans must be much more careful when around the police. Conclusion: After reading the two texts, was surprised how such things are not just appending in the texts, but also in reality. It is distressing how in some places in the United States, the lives of black people is at risk from the police do to the fact that they look different.